Automatización y empleo en Uruguay
Resumen
El presente trabajo revisa la evidencia disponible sobre la relación cambio tecnológico y empleo a nivel internacional y desarrolla una serie de ejercicios cuantitativos y cualitativos para el caso uruguayo a fin de evaluar los impactos de la automatización de tareas sobre el empleo. La evidencia disponible hasta el momento no permite concluir nada firme respecto de la preeminencia de los efectos escala o sustitución. Sin embargo, sí parece muy claro que ha venido ocurriendo un desplazamiento en el tipo de habilidades y calificaciones requeridas a medida que se despliegan los procesos de cambio tecnológico. No solo hay un pasaje de las habilidades físicas y manuales a las cognitivas, acompañado de un creciente requerimiento de credenciales educativas superiores, sino también, al menos en ciertos casos, una mayor demanda de habilidades socio-emocionales.
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